Neighborhood Initiatives of the Modi Government is a significant addition to the field of South Asian Studies and India`s Foreign Policy. Ever since he assumed the office of Prime Minister, Narendra Modi has been trying to improve India`s ties with the world in general and neighbours in particular not only to serve Bharatiya national interests, but also to act in accordance with ancient Bharatiya wisdom of treating every one as friend or potential friend. This was evident when Prime Minister Modi, initiated his foreign policy endeavors by inviting all the heads of governments of South Asian states to attend his Government`s oath taking ceremony. But when confronted with bullets, his Army responded by firing mortars and surgical strikes. Chapters in the book examines New Delhi`s South Asia policy in the lights of these moorings.